The theory of needs was written by Abraham Maslow in 1943. This theory describes the necessities of human being in five levels of importance. The lowest one is the physiological needs. They are related to human survival. If this level was not met, the human body cannot continue to function. Examples: breathing, sleep, food, excretion and clothing.
The second level is the safety. it is related to personal security, health and well being. Examples: security of body, of employment and resources.
The third leve is connected to sense of belonging and acceptance. Examples: friendship, family and sexual intimancy; without this, many people become susceptible to lonliness, anxiety and depression.
The fourth level is the esteem, it is the need of be respected, recognized and valued by the others. Examples: self esteem, confidence and achievement.
Finally, the last level is the self actualization that is the maximum potencial and possibilities of a human being. Examples: morality, creativity, spontaneity and lack of prejudice.
In administration studies, the theory of need is very useful to help the leaders identify what are the real necessity of their subordinates and motivate them to work.
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Nowadays it’s very difficult to achieve the human being necessity already on the first level. The hunger is a problem around the world and destroys this step, the first level. How survive in this situation? The second level is related with the safety. Even so the the public services are improving it still leaves to desire. Health and public security, in my option, it is an obligation of government. The last is difficult too to achieve, leading people to several problems like loneliness, anxiety and depression. The government doesn’t know this theory and would have to be the first one to understand.
ResponderExcluirThis theory of needs is very realistic and I do believe it could be very helpful not only for leaders identify the real necessities of their subordinates but also when corporations hire their employess through tests.
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